Kolkata - General Overview

Kolkata, formerly known as Calcutta, is the capital city of the Indian state of West Bengal, located in eastern India along the eastern bank of the Hooghly River. The city is part of the lower Ganges Delta and lies at an average elevation of approximately 9 meters (30 feet) above sea level. It was founded as an important trading post of the British East India Company and served as the capital of British India until 1911.

Area: Approximately 206 Square Kilometres

Often referred to as the “Cultural Capital of India,” Kolkata is known for its deep-rooted traditions in literature, art, theatre, cinema, and intellectual thought. The city showcases a distinctive blend of colonial-era architecture, historic landmarks, vibrant markets, and growing modern business districts. Landmarks such as Howrah Bridge, Victoria Memorial, Indian Museum, and Mother House reflect Kolkata’s rich historical and cultural legacy.

Climate

Summer: March–June (Up to 42°C)

Monsoon: June–September (Heavy Rainfall)

Winter: December–February (12°C–20°C)

Best Time: October to March

Key Info

Time Zone: IST (UTC +5:30)

Population: ~4.9 Million (City)

Languages: Bengali, Hindi, English, Urdu

Literacy: 88%

Holidays

Republic Day: 26th Jan

Independence Day: 15th Aug

Gandhi Jayanti: 2nd Oct

Major Festivals: Durga Puja, Kali Puja, Diwali, Eid, Christmas, Saraswati Puja, Holi, Rath Yatra, Chhath Puja, Poila Boishakh, Vishwakarma Puja, Janmashtami

Emergency

Police: 100

Fire: 101

Ambulance: 102

Women Helpline: 1091

General Info: +91 88888 88888

Housing Overview

Neighbourhoods & Areas

Kolkata’s residential market is diverse, offering a mix of heritage-style homes, independent houses, modern high-rise apartments, and luxury gated communities. Rental demand has grown steadily in recent years, driven by expanding IT and business hubs in Salt Lake Sector V, New Town, and Rajarhat.

While central Kolkata remains densely populated and congested, suburban developments provide better urban planning, cleaner surroundings, and improved infrastructure. Although the city has extensive public transportation—including metro rail, buses, ferries, and auto rickshaws—expatriates typically prefer chauffeur-driven cars for comfort, convenience, and safety. Traffic congestion is common during peak hours, especially near commercial districts, bridges, and older neighbourhoods.

Preferred expatriate and premium residential areas include:

Planned & IT Corridors: Salt Lake (Bidhannagar), New Town, Rajarhat
Upscale Central & South Areas: Ballygunge, Alipore, Park Street, Camac Street
Residential Green Zones: Tollygunge, Jodhpur Park

Emerging expatriate-preferred zones include Action Area I, II, and III in New Town, which offer new residential projects, international schools, and convenient airport access.

Housing Options

Temporary Accommodation

Kolkata offers a wide selection of premium hotels and serviced residences suitable for short-term stays. Demand increases significantly during major festivals such as Durga Puja and Diwali, so advance reservations are strongly recommended.

Popular options include ITC Royal Bengal, The Oberoi Grand, JW Marriott Kolkata, Taj Bengal, Hyatt Regency, and Novotel Kolkata (New Town).

Long Term Accommodation

Long-term housing options include independent houses, modern gated communities, and high-rise apartment complexes. Gated communities— primarily located in New Town, Rajarhat, and Salt Lake—typically provide 24-hour security, power backup, clubhouses, gyms, swimming pools, landscaped gardens, and in-house convenience stores.

Independent houses, more common in South Kolkata and older localities, offer greater privacy and space but may require private arrangements for security and maintenance. Villa communities are gradually emerging in the Rajarhat–New Town belt, combining independent living with community amenities.

Community Profile

Breakdown of available properties:

Houses: ~30% (Furnished ~25%, Unfurnished ~75%)
Apartments: ~70% (Furnished ~20%, Unfurnished ~80%)

Houses

Availability: Moderate.
Types: Detached (~30%), Semi-detached (~70%).
Style: 3–4 bedroom bungalows with balconies, living and dining areas, and gardens in select localities.
Average Age: 15–20 years.
New Construction (<5 years): ~10%, mainly in Rajarhat and New Town.

Apartments

Availability: Good across the city.
Building Type: Small buildings (~50%), Large high-rise complexes (~50%).
Style: One master bedroom with 2–3 additional bedrooms, attached bathrooms, modular kitchen, and living/dining spaces.
Average Age: 5–12 years.
New Construction (<5 years): ~25%, primarily in New Town, Sector V, and EM Bypass areas.

Kolkata’s apartment growth is largely driven by IT sector expansion and improved airport connectivity, making modern residential complexes popular among expatriates and corporate professionals.

Serviced Apartments

Serviced apartments in Kolkata are generally categorized as follows:

A. Professionally Managed Serviced Apartments
• Located near business districts such as Salt Lake Sector V, New Town, and Park Street, offering housekeeping, security, Wi-Fi, laundry, and front-desk services.

B. Standalone Serviced Apartments
• Found in residential neighbourhoods like Ballygunge, Tollygunge, and Lake Gardens; quality and service levels may vary.

C. Guest Houses
• Widely available but generally not recommended for expatriates due to shared facilities and inconsistent standards.

Always verify internet stability, security systems, housekeeping standards, and laundry and kitchen services before finalizing serviced accommodation.

Rental Deposit

In Kolkata, standard refundable security deposits usually range from 2 to 3 months’ rent. Some premium gated communities may require deposits of up to 4 months, depending on amenities and landlord expectations.

Things to Consider Before Signing a Lease

Convenience

Distance to workplace, schools, and daily markets
Availability of malls, restaurants, and entertainment
Traffic patterns during peak hours
Nearby hospitals and emergency services

Environment

Quiet versus busy locality
Gated community or independent home
Safety and security standards
Cleanliness, road conditions, and neighbourhood culture

Budget

Confirm whether rent includes society maintenance or clubhouse charges. Utility connections are usually arranged by the landlord, while monthly usage is paid directly by the tenant.

Checklist

Building age and construction quality
Layout, room sizes, and ventilation
Water supply and drainage systems
Internet fiber availability
Condition of appliances and fittings
Signs of seepage or dampness
Elevators, parking, and power backup
Security arrangements and CCTV

Lease Clause Considerations

Notice period and lock-in clause
Diplomatic clause for relocating expatriates
Maintenance responsibilities
Move-in and move-out charges
Facility or clubhouse deposits

Market Practice and Lease Terms

Typical lease period: 11 months
Security deposit: 2–3 months’ rent (up to 4 months in premium units)
Rent payment: Monthly in advance
Brokerage: One month’s rent
Lock-in and diplomatic clauses: Negotiable
Lease registration: Optional for 11-month agreements

Furniture Leasing

Furniture and appliance leasing services are available through online platforms and local vendors, offering flexible short-term and long-term rental options. Most vendors provide delivery, installation, and basic maintenance services.

Financial Services Overview

Kolkata has a well-established financial and banking infrastructure, supported by public-sector banks, private-sector banks, and a limited presence of international banks. The city offers comprehensive banking, foreign exchange, ATM, and digital payment services that cater to residents, expatriates, and business professionals.

Currency

The official unit of currency in India is the Indian Rupee (INR).

Coins: ₹1, ₹2, ₹5, ₹10
Banknotes: ₹10, ₹20, ₹50, ₹100, ₹200, ₹500, and ₹2000

Currency Exchange

Current exchange rates can be checked in daily newspapers, at banks, authorised currency exchange counters, or online platforms.
Foreign currencies can be exchanged at major hotels and government-approved money changers across Kolkata.
Authorised Forex centres are commonly located in commercial areas such as Park Street, Esplanade, Camac Street, Salt Lake Sector V, and New Town.

Credit Cards

Credit cards are widely accepted in Kolkata, particularly in shopping malls, branded retail outlets, restaurants, cafés, hotels, and online services.

Most Indian banks issue credit cards with revolving credit limits and cash advance facilities.

RuPay, VISA, and MasterCard are commonly accepted. American Express acceptance is limited and usually restricted to select premium hotels and high-end establishments.

Note: International credit card transactions may attract foreign currency conversion or processing fees. Please confirm applicable charges with your card provider.

ATMs

Kolkata has a strong and well-distributed ATM network across residential neighbourhoods, commercial districts, and business hubs.

Transactions at your own bank’s ATM are generally free of charge
Withdrawals from other bank ATMs are free up to a prescribed monthly limit, after which nominal fees may apply
Daily withdrawal limits typically range between ₹20,000 and ₹50,000, depending on the bank
While digital payments are widely used, cash remains common in local markets, small vendors, and taxis

Traveller’s Cheques

Traveller’s cheques can be purchased or encashed at major public and private banks, as well as authorised money changers in Kolkata.

Commonly available currencies include US Dollar and British Pound Sterling, with other major currencies available at select banks.

A valid passport is required when purchasing or encashing traveller’s cheques.

Opening a Bank Account in Kolkata

Kolkata hosts all major Indian public-sector and private-sector banks, along with branches of select international banks.

Typical Banking Hours:
Most banks operate between 10:00 – 16:00 on weekdays, though timings may vary slightly by branch.

Under Indian Foreign Exchange and Income Tax regulations, foreign nationals employed in India are generally permitted to open one bank account per city.

Relocation consultants or corporate HR teams can assist in opening the following account types:

Savings Account
Salary Account
Checking Account
Individual or Joint Accounts

Recommended Banks in Kolkata

HDFC Bank
ICICI Bank
State Bank of India (SBI)
Axis Bank
Kotak Mahindra Bank
HSBC
Standard Chartered

Documents Required

Documentation requirements vary by bank but typically include:

Completed bank account opening form
Copy of passport and valid Indian visa
Employer’s letter (if employed in India)
Lease or rental agreement as proof of residence
Passport-sized photographs
Residential Permit (if applicable)

Bank account activation typically takes 2 to 10 working days, subject to verification. ATM/debit cards are issued upon request.

Internet Banking Services

Most major banks in Kolkata provide secure and reliable internet and mobile banking services, including:

Account balance and transaction history checks
Domestic and international fund transfers
Utility bill payments and mobile recharges
Online shopping using debit and credit cards
Remittance and foreign exchange services

Digital banking services are widely adopted and supported by strong financial and telecommunications infrastructure across the city.

Healthcare

Prevention and Immunisation

Health Risks

Common health risks in Kolkata include dengue fever, malaria, typhoid, hepatitis A and B, cholera, diarrhoeal diseases, and seasonal influenza. Mosquito-borne illnesses are more prevalent during and after the monsoon season, particularly in low-lying or waterlogged areas.

Kolkata’s air quality can fluctuate due to traffic congestion and industrial activity, which may affect individuals with asthma or other respiratory conditions.

It is strongly recommended to ensure that all routine vaccinations are up-to-date prior to arrival, especially for long-term residents and families.

Recommended Vaccinations for India

Ensure routine immunisations such as influenza, chickenpox (varicella), polio, measles/mumps/rubella (MMR), and diphtheria/pertussis/tetanus (DPT) are current for all age groups.
Hepatitis A: Recommended for all travellers above 1 year of age. Should be taken at least 2 weeks before travel, with a booster dose after 6–12 months.
Typhoid: Available as oral capsules (4 doses, age 6+) or a single injectable dose (age 2+).
Polio: Adults without a booster should receive one inactivated polio vaccine; children must be fully immunised.
Hepatitis B: Recommended for long-term visitors, individuals with close community contact, or those likely to require medical care. Administered as a standard 3-dose schedule (0, 1, 6 months), with accelerated schedules available if needed.

Medical Emergency Checklist

In a medical emergency, it is essential to know the nearest hospital. Traffic congestion and narrow lanes in certain parts of Kolkata may delay ambulance response times.

Many expatriates prefer using private vehicles or app-based taxi services such as Uber or Ola for quicker transportation during emergencies. Always carry personal identification, including your passport, visa, or Residential Permit (RP).

Expatriate-Preferred Hospitals in Kolkata

Apollo Gleneagles Hospital – Salt Lake
Fortis Hospital – Anandapur
AMRI Hospital – Salt Lake, Dhakuria, Mukundapur
Medica Superspecialty Hospital – Mukundapur
Narayana Superspeciality Hospital – Howrah
Belle Vue Clinic – Elgin Road
Ruby General Hospital – Kasba
Tata Medical Center – New Town (Oncology)

Medical Facilities

Kolkata has a strong private healthcare network with modern medical infrastructure and experienced, English-speaking doctors in most premium hospitals.

Medical treatment costs are generally affordable compared to Western countries, while maintaining high standards of care and advanced diagnostic facilities.

Prescription Medications & Pharmacies

Most medications are readily available at pharmacies throughout Kolkata, and many essential medicines can be purchased over the counter. Certain antibiotics and regulated drugs may require a valid prescription.

If you take regular or long-term medication, inform your doctor to avoid potential drug interactions. Keep copies of prescriptions, especially for chronic conditions.

Some 24-Hour Pharmacies in Kolkata

Apollo Pharmacy – Near Apollo Gleneagles Hospital
Medica Pharmacy – Medica Hospital
AMRI Pharmacy – Salt Lake
Belle Vue Clinic Pharmacy
Ruby Hospital Pharmacy

Emergency & Ambulance Services

West Bengal Emergency Ambulance Service: 108

Some private hospitals also provide paid ambulance services for faster response.

Security Tips

Use registered taxis or app-based cab services such as Uber or Ola, especially at night.
Prefer accommodation in gated communities with 24-hour security; independent houses should employ guards from reputable agencies.
Avoid carrying large amounts of cash or wearing expensive jewellery; petty theft may occur in crowded areas.
Avoid isolated or poorly lit areas after dark.
Keep valuables secured at home and avoid keeping wallets in back pockets.
Dress modestly when visiting temples, mosques, or other religious places.
Keep photocopies or digital backups of important documents such as passport, visa, and ID.
Be alert while crossing roads, as traffic is dense and pedestrian right-of-way is not always strictly followed.

Police

Kolkata Police Emergency Number: 100

Women’s Helpline: 1091

Tourist Assistance (Kolkata Police): 98308 11111

Schooling Overview

Kolkata Schools

Education in Kolkata is available from Kindergarten through Higher Education. Early education for young children primarily follows the kindergarten model, while primary and secondary education is offered through a wide range of state, national, and international education boards.

Schools in Kolkata are affiliated with various boards including West Bengal Board of Secondary Education (WBBSE), Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE), Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE – ICSE & ISC), National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS), Cambridge Assessment International Education (IGCSE), and the International Baccalaureate (IB) .

School Categories

Government Schools (fully funded and managed by the state)
Aided Schools (partially government-funded)
Unaided Private Schools (independent institutions with modern facilities and higher fee structures)

After completing secondary education, students progress to Higher Secondary (Grades 11 and 12) or equivalent pre-university programs, enabling entry into colleges, universities, and professional courses. Kolkata offers a broad range of higher education institutions, postgraduate programs, research centers, and professional certifications.

International Schools in Kolkata

Kolkata’s role as a cultural, educational, and emerging business hub has led to a steady increase in international schools serving expatriate and NRI families. These schools welcome students of all nationalities and reflect global diversity in curriculum and teaching methodology.

The Heritage School: www.heritageschoolkolkata.org
South City International School: www.southcityschool.edu.in
Calcutta International School: www.calcuttais.edu.in
Indus Valley World School: www.indusvalley.edu.in
Oceans International School: www.oceansschool.org
The Garden High International School: www.gardenhighschool.edu.in

School Selection Tips

Seek recommendations from friends, colleagues, and other parents
Arrange school visits to observe classrooms and teaching methods
Prepare a list of priorities and questions before visiting schools
Observe how your child is welcomed during school interactions
Check teacher–student ratios and faculty qualifications
Inspect facilities for safety, hygiene, and age-appropriate play areas
Request a detailed and transparent fee structure (fees are usually non-refundable)
Verify transportation facilities, vehicle condition, and supervision standards
Disclose any learning difficulties or special needs during the application process

Educating children in Kolkata offers exposure to a rich blend of Indian traditions and global cultures, making it a rewarding experience for expatriate families.

Language Schools

Kolkata’s international business presence and cultural exchange programs have increased demand for foreign language learning. The city hosts several reputed institutes offering instruction in global and Indian languages.

Alliance Française de Kolkata – French
Goethe-Institut Kolkata – German
Inlingua Kolkata – English, German, French, Spanish
Japanese Language School, Kolkata – Japanese
Instituto Hispania – Spanish
Value Point Academy – English
Institute of Indian and Foreign Languages – German, Spanish, French, Italian, Russian, Portuguese, Japanese, Chinese, Korean, Hindi, English
British Council Kolkata – English
Russian Cultural Centre Language Programs – Russian

Utilities Overview

Electricity Supply & Charges

Electricity in Kolkata is supplied primarily by Calcutta Electric Supply Corporation (CESC). Electricity charges are moderate and vary based on consumption slabs.

Payment due dates are clearly mentioned on electricity bills
Delayed payments may result in temporary disconnection
Bills can be paid at CESC customer service centres or through online payment portals

Voltage & Plug Standards

Standard Voltage: 240 Volts
Frequency: 50 Hertz (Hz)
Plug Types: Type C, D, and M

Voltage Converters & Transformers

Resistor-Network Converters

Wattage range: approx. 50 – 1600W
Suitable for high-wattage appliances such as hair dryers and irons (short-term use only)
Not recommended for sensitive electronic equipment

Transformers

Wattage range: approx. 50 – 100W
Ideal for continuous use with laptops, chargers, cameras, and other low-wattage devices
Heavier but provide stable voltage output

Combination Converters

Combine resistor-network and transformer functions
Allow switching based on appliance requirements
Recommended for households with mixed power needs

Water Supply

Water supply in independent houses is managed by the Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC). Monthly water bills specify the due date for payment.

Payments can be made at KMC water bill payment centres
Online payment options are available via KMC’s official portal

Garbage Disposal

Door-to-door garbage collection is available in most areas of Kolkata, usually on a daily basis. Solid waste management and street cleaning are handled by the Kolkata Municipal Corporation.

Gas Supply (Bottled LPG)

Bottled LPG is supplied by government-authorised providers including:

HP Gas
Bharat Gas
Indane Gas

New connections require a refundable security deposit and submission of proof of address and identification. Most households maintain two cylinders to ensure uninterrupted supply.

Pest Control

Kolkata’s tropical climate makes regular pest control essential to prevent cockroaches, mosquitoes, flies, and other insects. Many professional pest control services operate across the city.

Recommendation: Conduct pest control every 3–6 months and ensure that WHO-approved chemicals are used, particularly in homes with children or pets.

Media and Mail Overview

Television

Cable and Satellite Services

Once you move into your residence in Kolkata, local cable network personnel usually visit the property to set up your cable television connection. A nominal one-time installation fee is charged.

Installation generally takes 2–3 days. Thereafter, a monthly subscription fee is payable in cash or online, and a receipt is issued by the cable operator for each payment.

Cable television services provide access to a wide range of national and international channels including STAR, ESPN, HBO, National Geographic, Discovery , along with Hindi, Bengali, and other regional channels.

For a complete and updated channel list, it is advisable to check directly with your local cable operator.

Direct-To-Home (DTH) satellite television services are widely available across Kolkata. Popular service providers include:

Tata Play
Dish TV
Airtel Digital TV
DD Free Dish
d2h

DTH services involve a one-time setup cost covering the dish antenna, receiver, and an initial subscription package. Installation typically takes 2–5 working days, depending on technician availability.

DTH providers offer standard-definition and HD channels across multiple languages. Subscription packages can be customised based on viewing preferences, and authorised dealers are available through local electronics outlets and online service platforms such as Sulekha and Justdial.

Radio

Kolkata has numerous FM and AM radio stations that broadcast free of charge. Listeners can tune in using standard radio receivers, car audio systems, or online streaming platforms.

Popular FM stations include Radio Mirchi, Red FM, BIG FM, Radio City, and All India Radio FM . Programming includes news, music, talk shows, and entertainment content in Bengali, Hindi, and English.

Newspapers

Kolkata offers a wide selection of daily newspapers in Bengali and English.

Popular Bengali dailies include:

Anandabazar Patrika
Ei Samay
Bartaman

Popular English dailies include:

The Times of India
The Telegraph
The Indian Express
Business Standard
The Hindu

Newspapers can be subscribed to through local distributors, purchased from neighbourhood stalls, or accessed via online and digital editions.

Post Office Services

Post offices are conveniently located throughout Kolkata, often close to residential areas, and provide a comprehensive range of postal and financial services through India Post.

General Post Office (GPO), Kolkata:
16, Netaji Subhas Road, Kolkata – 700001
Phone: 033-2248 0156

For premium postal services such as Speed Post, Business Post, and EMS, facilities at major post offices like the Kolkata GPO offer value-added services and online tracking.

Postal services available include:

General letters and parcels
Speed Post (time-bound express delivery)
Express Parcel Post
Business Post / Logistics Post
Registered Post
Greetings Post (pre-stamped greeting cards)
Money Orders and International Money Transfers
E-Post (hybrid email and physical mail service)
Postal Life Insurance and philately services

For accurate information on service availability, delivery timelines, and applicable rates, it is recommended to visit your nearest post office or consult official India Post resources.

Telecommunications Overview

Telecommunications in Kolkata

Telephone and internet services in Kolkata are widely available through both government-owned and private telecommunications providers, with good coverage across residential, commercial, and business areas.

Landline telephone services are provided by BSNL (government-owned) and private operators such as Airtel, Vodafone Idea (Vi), and Jio.

Installation timelines vary by provider. BSNL landline installations generally take 7–14 days, while private providers usually complete setup within 2–5 working days.

Documents Required:

Completed application form
Passport-sized photographs
Proof of address
Valid photo ID (passport or Residential Permit for expatriates)

A refundable security deposit and installation charges are payable at the time of application. For private service providers, calls made beyond the deposited amount before the billing cycle ends may result in temporary disconnection.

Monthly bills are issued with a clearly mentioned due date and can be paid at service provider offices, authorised bill payment centres, or through online payment portals.

In some cases, landlords may provide a pre-installed landline connection, in which case tenants are responsible only for monthly rental and usage charges.

International calling can be activated on request at the time of subscription. Applicable tariffs should be confirmed with the service provider.

International Calls

All major telecom operators in Kolkata support international calling. Users must request activation of this service during sign-up or through customer care.

The international dialling prefix used in India is 00, followed by the country code.

Public Pay Phones

Public phone booths displaying PCO / STD / ISD signs are now extremely rare in Kolkata due to the widespread use of mobile phones. Residents are advised to rely on mobile or landline services for communication.

Mobile Phone Services

Kolkata has strong mobile network coverage with major GSM service providers including Jio, Airtel, Vodafone Idea (Vi), and BSNL.

Operators offer a wide range of prepaid and postpaid plans suitable for individual, family, and corporate usage.

Postpaid connections require an activation fee and a refundable security deposit. An additional deposit may be required for international roaming.

Prepaid SIM cards are widely available from authorised mobile retailers and local vendors across the city.

As per government regulations, activation of any new mobile connection requires submission of a valid photo ID and proof of address.

Mobile network quality and data speeds may vary by locality. Many residents compare operators using speed tests to determine the best coverage in their specific neighbourhood.

Internet Services

Broadband and high-speed internet services in Kolkata are offered by multiple operators, including:

Airtel Xstream Fiber
JioFiber
ACT Fibernet
BSNL Broadband / Bharat Fiber
YOU Broadband (Vodafone-owned)
Hathway / GTPL
Local Internet Service Providers

Internet connections are primarily delivered through fiber-optic networks, providing stable and high-speed connectivity suitable for streaming, video conferencing, online education, and remote work.

Coverage and actual internet speeds may vary by neighbourhood. Residents commonly recommend Airtel and JioFiber for consistent performance, but it is advisable to confirm area-specific availability before finalising a connection.

Kolkata has witnessed steady growth in mobile and broadband subscriptions, with leading operators expanding 4G and 5G infrastructure to support increasing data demand and future connectivity needs.

Transport Overview

Public Transportation in Kolkata

Kolkata offers a comprehensive mix of public and private transportation options for residents, professionals, and expatriates. The city is served by app-based cabs, auto rickshaws, city buses, suburban rail, and India’s oldest metro rail system.

For expatriates and new residents, app-based cabs or chauffeur-driven vehicles are commonly preferred due to convenience, safety, and ease of navigation in dense traffic conditions.

Cabs / Ride-Hailing Services

App-based ride-hailing services are widely used across Kolkata and are considered safe and reliable for daily commuting and airport transfers.

Ola (cabs and auto rickshaws)
Uber (cabs and auto rickshaws)
Rapido (bike taxi service)

Bookings are made through mobile applications by entering pickup and destination locations. Drivers commonly rely on Google Maps for route navigation.

Safety Tips

Verify vehicle number and driver details before boarding
Share trip details with a trusted contact when travelling alone
Check personal belongings before exiting the vehicle
Avoid late-night travel in unfamiliar areas when possible
Tipping is optional and not mandatory

Auto Rickshaws

Metered auto rickshaws are readily available throughout Kolkata and are well-suited for short-distance travel.

Passengers should insist on using the meter and avoid paying more than the displayed fare. If the meter is not used, it is advisable to agree on the fare before starting the journey. Most auto rickshaws operate on CNG, making them a relatively eco-friendly option.

Buses — CSTC & Private Operators

Public bus services in Kolkata are operated by the Calcutta State Transport Corporation (CSTC) along with a large number of private operators.

CSTC operates hundreds of diesel and CNG buses covering major city corridors and suburbs
Private buses supplement services across residential and commercial zones
Bus fares are affordable, typically starting from ₹5–10 depending on distance
Buses are widely used for daily commuting, though peak-hour congestion may cause delays

Metro — Kolkata Metro

The Kolkata Metro, operational since 1984, is India’s first metro rail system and remains a vital component of the city’s transport network.

The metro serves North–South and East–West corridors, connecting central, northern, eastern, and southern parts of the city.

Average daily ridership exceeds 1 million passengers, making it one of the most efficient modes of public transport in Kolkata. Ongoing Phase-2 expansions aim to improve connectivity to areas such as New Town, Salt Lake, and Howrah.

Airport Connectivity

Name: Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport
Location: Approximately 17 km from central Kolkata

Connectivity Options:

App-based taxis and chauffeur-driven vehicles
Pre-paid taxi counters at airport terminals
Private shuttle and shared cab services
Upcoming Airport Metro Line providing direct rail connectivity between the city centre and the airport

Travel time from central Kolkata to the airport typically ranges between 45–60 minutes, depending on traffic conditions.

Car Rental

Car rental services in Kolkata include both self-drive and chauffeur-driven options, available through local agencies and app-based platforms.

Local car rental agencies
App-based self-drive platforms
Corporate chauffeur-driven services

Due to traffic density and complex road conditions, chauffeur-driven vehicles are generally recommended for expatriates and first-time residents.

Driving and Licences

Driving in Kolkata can be challenging for newcomers due to heavy traffic, narrow roads in older areas, and mixed vehicle movement.

Expatriates who plan to drive are advised to employ experienced local drivers or become familiar with local driving practices and regulations before operating a vehicle.

Future Mobility Planning

The Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA) is implementing a Comprehensive Mobility Plan (CMP) focused on integrating metro rail, buses, suburban rail, and last-mile connectivity solutions.

The plan aims to support efficient, sustainable, and seamless urban transportation through new corridors, infrastructure modernisation, and improved public transport services across the metropolitan region.

HHG Shipment Overview

Household Goods Shipment – Kolkata

Indian nationals and foreign nationals, including persons of Indian origin, transferring their residence to Kolkata or arriving in India for employment are permitted to import personal effects and household goods into India duty-free, subject to eligibility conditions and prevailing customs regulations.

Eligibility & Visa Requirements

For Indian nationals, the following criteria must be fulfilled:

Must have lived overseas for at least two years and be transferring residence to India
Must not have stayed in India for more than 180 days during the preceding two years

For foreign nationals, the following conditions apply:

Must hold a valid Work / Employment Visa with a minimum validity of one year
Mandatory registration with the Foreigners Regional Registration Office (FRRO) and issuance of a Residential Permit, required for customs clearance
The original passport must be presented at the time of customs clearance

Shipment Timelines

Air shipments: Must be shipped within 15 days of the owner’s arrival in India
Sea shipments: Must be shipped within 30 days of arrival
Cars: May be shipped within six months of arrival in India

Shipments dispatched beyond the prescribed timelines may be cleared only on a case-by-case basis, subject to customs approval.

It is mandatory that the owner arrives in India before the shipment. Failure to do so may result in demurrage or container detention charges.

Shipments destined for Kolkata are generally cleared at Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport for air cargo or at major Indian sea ports such as Kolkata Port / Haldia or Mumbai (JNPT), followed by inland transportation to Kolkata.

The earlier requirement of a compulsory one-year stay in India after availing Transfer of Residence (TR) benefits has been removed. Importers are permitted to leave India after claiming TR concessions.

Household Goods – Duty Structure

Duty-Free Imports

Old and used personal effects and household goods are permitted duty-free, provided they have been used by the shipper and the individual holds a valid one-year visa.

Examples include:

Clothing and personal effects
Books and personal documents
Kitchenware and utensils
Furniture
Small household appliances (mixer, juicer, iron, etc.)

Concessional Duty at 15%

The following items are permitted at a concessional customs duty rate of 15% for one unit of each item, subject to a combined value limit of ₹5,00,000 (approximately USD 10,000), irrespective of prior usage:

Television (TV)
DVD Player
Video Home Theatre System
Dishwasher
Music System
Air Conditioner
Deep Freezer
Microwave Oven
Video Camera
Word Processor
Fax Machine
Portable Photocopier

Duty-Free Appliances

Laptop or Desktop Computer
Refrigerator (up to 300 litres)
Washing Machine
Cooking Range
VCR / VCD Player

The concessional duty rate of 15% applies only to the first unit of each eligible item.

If additional units are imported or if the combined value exceeds ₹5,00,000, a higher customs duty of 35% will be levied on the excess quantity or value.

Alcohol & Restricted Items

Import duties on alcoholic beverages, wines, and spirits are extremely high in India and are typically assessed at approximately 200% of the value as determined by customs authorities.

Expatriate Life Overview

Expatriate Groups

Kolkata has an active and welcoming expatriate community supported by global networks, local meetups, and online platforms that help newcomers socialise, build friendships, and adapt smoothly to life in the city.

One of the most established global expatriate networks in the city is InterNations – Kolkata Chapter. This vibrant community hosts regular social meetups, networking events, coffee mornings, and hobby-based gatherings, making it an excellent platform for meeting like-minded people and learning how to navigate city life.

Another popular option is Meetup – Expats in Kolkata, an open group where expatriates organise informal get-togethers such as museum visits, cultural excursions, coffee meetups, and casual social activities.

Online communities such as the “Kolkata Expat Circle” on Reddit also play an important role. Weekly discussion threads allow expatriates and locals to ask questions, share recommendations, seek company for outings, and connect with others in similar situations.

Entertainment & Leisure

Kolkata offers a rich blend of cultural, intellectual, and modern entertainment options. Known as India’s cultural capital, the city provides diverse opportunities for leisure, socialising, and family-friendly recreation.

From heritage clubs and shopping malls to theatres, museums, and hobby communities, expatriates can enjoy a wide variety of activities suited to different lifestyles.

Clubs & Social Centers

Calcutta Club: One of the city’s oldest clubs, offering sports facilities, swimming pool, gym, library, and dining options—ideal for socialising and family leisure.
Royal Calcutta Golf Club: A prestigious golf club featuring golf courses, tennis courts, and recreational facilities.
Tollygunge Club: A modern club with bowling, snooker, swimming pool, and cultural activities, suitable for family outings and social evenings.

Shopping Malls with Entertainment

South City Mall: Popular family destination with international brands, INOX multiplex, dining options, and entertainment spaces.
Quest Mall: Premium shopping mall featuring a PVR multiplex, luxury retail outlets, and fine dining.
City Centre Salt Lake: Well-known for shopping, multiplex cinema, and casual dining options.
Forum Courtyard (EM Bypass): Known for entertainment zones, gaming areas, and restaurants.

Art, Science & Cultural Spaces

Kolkata’s cultural heritage is reflected in its museums, science centres, and artistic spaces that offer enriching experiences for all age groups.

Science City: A large science-themed complex with interactive exhibits, IMAX theatre, and educational pavilions—especially popular with families.
Nandan: A government-run cultural centre known for film screenings, theatre, art exhibitions, and cultural festivals.
Indian Museum & Victoria Memorial: Iconic landmarks offering deep insight into India’s history, art, and colonial heritage.

Auditoriums & Performing Arts

The city hosts numerous auditoriums and venues dedicated to theatre, music, dance, and cultural performances.

Rabindra Sadan: A major cultural venue hosting theatre performances, concerts, and festivals with well-equipped facilities.
Nazrul Mancha & Netaji Indoor Stadium: Popular venues for music concerts, theatre productions, and large-scale cultural events.

Community & Hobby-Based Groups

Kolkata has a strong culture of grassroots, interest-based communities that allow expatriates to connect organically with locals and fellow expats.

Film screening clubs and cultural societies
Food walks and heritage tours
Urban sketching and photography clubs
Book clubs, music circles, and live gig communities
Pet enthusiasts and dog-walking groups

Many of these groups are organised through social media platforms, local community centres, or cultural institutions. Expatriates often highlight these communities as one of the best ways to form genuine connections and explore Kolkata’s rich cultural life.

Shopping Overview

Shopping in Kolkata is a dynamic experience where colonial heritage, Bengali culture, and modern retail coexist seamlessly. The city offers a rich mix of historic bazaars, traditional street markets, cultural craft hubs, and contemporary shopping malls catering to both bargain hunters and lifestyle shoppers.

From bustling wholesale markets and famous book streets to premium malls featuring global brands and multiplex cinemas, Kolkata provides diverse retail options reflecting its cultural depth and evolving urban lifestyle.

Shopping districts are spread across central Kolkata, traditional neighbourhoods, and newer areas such as Salt Lake, EM Bypass, and Howrah, offering everything from street-level bargains to polished mall experiences.

Traditional Markets & Street Shopping

New Market

A historic enclosed market in the heart of the city, surrounded by busy street stalls. New Market is known for its vast variety of products, including clothing, accessories, cosmetics, food items, and specialty shops. Expect heavy crowds and limited parking, but unmatched local flavour and value.

Burrabazar

One of Kolkata’s largest and oldest wholesale markets, Burrabazar offers an enormous range of goods and is especially vibrant during festive seasons. It remains a key destination for traders, bulk buyers, and bargain seekers.

Hatibagan Market

A well-known traditional shopping area popular for textiles, clothing, and affordable street-level bargains. The market reflects the classic Kolkata shopping atmosphere with busy lanes and strong scope for negotiation.

College Street / Book Market

A world-famous hub for new and used books, stationery, and academic materials. Ideal for students, researchers, and book lovers, College Street is renowned for both rare titles and budget-friendly finds.

Gariahat Market

A long-established retail area known for sarees, textiles, jewellery, and everyday fashion. Gariahat blends local boutiques with street vendors and offers an authentic glimpse into Kolkata’s shopping culture.

Dakshinapan & Cultural Bazaars

Dedicated cultural markets showcasing handicrafts, handloom textiles, artwork, and regional products. These spaces are ideal for souvenirs, gifts, and traditional décor, and are often less crowded and more curated than the city’s busiest markets.

In addition to major markets, most residential neighbourhoods in Kolkata feature local shopping streets offering groceries, daily essentials, pharmacies, and convenience stores.

Shopping Malls & Modern Retail

South City Mall

One of Kolkata’s largest malls, located in the southern part of the city. It houses a wide range of international and national brands, dining outlets, and a multiplex cinema, making it a popular weekend destination.

Quest Mall

A premium shopping destination launched in 2013, Quest Mall features upscale retail brands, food courts, and entertainment options including a multi-screen cinema. It is a favourite for luxury shopping and leisure.

City Centre (Salt Lake)

A major shopping complex offering a balanced mix of brands, boutiques, and family-friendly retail spaces. City Centre is well-suited for everyday shopping with a refined mall environment.

Mani Square

A well-established mall on Manicktala Road featuring popular apparel brands, a cinema, food outlets, and gaming zones. It caters well to families, students, and mid-range shoppers.

Avani Riverside Mall

Located along the Hooghly River in Howrah, this mall is known for its scenic setting, strong retail presence, and cinema. It is a popular option for shoppers and families on the western side of the city.

Kolkata’s shopping landscape offers a well-rounded blend of traditional craftsmanship, street-level bargains, and modern retail experiences, allowing residents and expatriates to explore everything from historic bazaars and cultural markets to premium lifestyle destinations.